Particle “と(to)” and “や(ya)” with native Japanese voice (N5 level)
Let’s study particle と(to) and や(ya) in this post.
This is N5 level in JLPT.
50 ponts to be mastered in grammar for N5 in JLPT
These are often used in conversation and sentences in many kinds of documents.
と(to) is equivalent for “and” in English, showing complete sets of noun.
On the other hand, や(ya) is equivalent for “A and B and so on (among other things) ” in English, showing incomplete sets of noun.
Particle “と”
Main usage is “and” in English, connecting nouns as full set.
Other usage is equivalent for “with” in English.
In this case, と and 一緒に, と and ともに are often used together.
Example for と(to)
A) 寿司とてんぷらを食べました。
(I ate sushi and tempura.)
⇒In this sentence, I only ate sushi and tempura and did not eat other foods.
B) お母さんと一緒に買い物に行く。
(I go shopping with my mom.)
⇒In this sentence, I will go shopping together with my mom. This “together with” is equivalent to “と”.
Particle “や”
や(ya) is equivalent for “A and B and so on (among other things) ” in English, showing incomplete sets of noun.
Example for や(ya)
C) 寿司やてんぷらを食べました。
(I ate sushi and tempura. (I might eat other foods at same time、maybe soba noodle.))
⇒In this sentence, I ate sushi and tempura. But these are only examples and I might eat foods other than sushi and tempura.
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